Table of content
- Introduction of the Insect
- Classification
- Distribution and Status
- Identification
- Problems with Identical signs
- Habit and Habitat
- Life cycle (Bionomics)
- Damage
- Common signs and symptoms of infestation
- Symptoms of damage
- Why is it important?
- Management
- Cultural practices
- Biological control
- Chemical treatment
- Restrictions
- Genome sequences
- Published research.
- References
Short horned grasshopper
Introduction of the Insect
Oxya hyla is a species of grasshopper of the Acrididae family described by Serville in 1831.[1]
English name Short horned grasshopper
Bangla name [NO INFORMATION AVAILABLE]
Scientific name Oxya hyla intricata
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Caelifera
Family: Acrididae
Genus: Oxya
Species: O. hyla
Binomial Name: Oxya hyla intricata (Serville, 1831)
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Host Range
Gossypium (cotton), Oryza sativa (rice), Panicum miliaceum (millet), Phragmites australis (common reed), Sorghum bicolor (sorghum), Triticum (wheat), Zea mays (maize)
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Wetter environments are suitable for the development of short-horned grasshoppers, while locusts may prefer dry environments. The short-horned grasshoppers are common in moist and swampy areas. They are abundant during September and October. Under unfavourable conditions, the adults swarm and migrate.
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Short-horned grasshoppers and oriental migratory locusts feed on leaf margins by cutting out areas on leaves and cut-off panicles. A clear distinction between grasshopper and locust damage as compared to damage caused by other leaf feeders is the characteristic feeding marks on leaves and shoots, large portions of leaf edges consumed, and cut-off panicles.
To further confirm, check for insect presence: presence of yellow and brown nymphs and adults feeding on rice foliage with faces on leaf. Locusts are the swarming phase of certain species of short-horned grasshopper in the family Acrididae.
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1. Flood the stubbles, shave bunds and sweep along the bunds to reduce the breeding ground.
2. Avoid frequent pesticide spray, and encourage biological control agents which occur naturally, e.g. wasps, parasitic flies, parasitic worms or nematodes, ants, birds, frogs, web-spinning spiders, fungal pathogens, and a certain species of entomopathogenic fungus – Metarhizium acridum.
3. Use local made poison baits from salt water and rice bran.
4. When there is an outbreak, (> 10% damage) use insecticides foliar sprays to control grasshoppers in rice fields. When using a pesticide, always wear protective clothing and follow the instructions on the product label, such as dosage, timing of application, and pre-harvest interval.
1. Flood the stubbles; shave bunds, sweep along the bunds to reduce breeding ground.
2. Encourage biological control agents that occur naturally by using less chemical spray – allowing wasps, parasitic flies, ants, spiders to live
3. Monitor field regularly at weekly intervals.
4. When heavy damage (>10%), go for direct control – use homemade poison bait or spray insecticides
1. Use local made poison baits from salt water and rice bran
2. Allow natural biological control agents like wasps, parasitic flies, parasitic worms, ants, birds, frogs, web-spinning spiders, fungal pathogens – Metarhizium acridum. to take effect
1. Permethrin. Use 1 ml/l water. Non-systemic, contact and stomach poison. Or Alpha-cypermethrin (e.g. Attach)
2. Synthetic pyrethroid. IRAC Group 3A. WHO Class II (Moderately hazardous)
3. Abamectin. 0.5ml/lit water. IRAC Group 6. No WHO classification, but considered moderately toxic
Note: for all pesticides usage, follow instructions on product label
Note: to avoid the development of resistance to pesticides, alternate the use of pesticides with different IRAC Group
Note: Wear appropriate protective clothing when applying pesticides
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